Fishing Lure

A fishing lure is an object attached to the end of a fishing line which is designed to resemble and move like the prey of a fish. The purpose of the lure is to use movement, vibration, and colour to catch the fish's attention so it bites the hook. Lures are equipped with one or more single, double, or treble hooks that are used to hook fish when they attack the lure.
Lures are usually used with a fishing rod and fishing reel. When a lure is used for casting, it is continually cast out and retrieved, the retrieve making the lure swim or produce a popping action. A skilled angler can explore many possible hiding places for fish through lure casting such as under logs and on flats.
There are many types of fishing lures. They are all manufactured in  different ways to resemble prey for the fish in most cases, but are sometimes engineered to appeal to a fishes sense of territory, curiosity or aggression. Most lures are made to look like dying, injured, or fast moving fish. They include the following types:

* A [[jig (fishing)|jig]] is a weighted hook with a lead head opposite the sharp tip.  They are often covered with a minnow or crawfish or even a plastic worm to get the fish's attention.  The operator moves the rod to make the jig move.
* [[Surface lure]]s are also known as top water lures. They float and resemble prey that is on top of the water. They can make a popping sound from a concave-cut head, a burbling sound from "side fins" or scoops or a buzzing commotion from one or several propellers. A few have only whatever motion the fisherman applies through the rod itself, though if skillfully used, they can be very effective.
* [[Spoon lures]] are made to resemble the inside of a table spoon. They flash in the light while wobbling or darting due to their shape, and attract fish.
* [[Plugs (fishing)|Plugs]] are also known as crankbaits. These lures have a fishlike body shape and they  are run through the water where they can make a variety of different movements caused by instability due to the scoop under the head.
* [[Artificial fly|Artificial flies]] are designed to resemble all manner of fish prey and are used with a [[fly rod]] and reel in [[fly fishing]].
* Soft plastic baits are made of plastic or rubber, and are designed to resemble worms, lizards, frogs, leeches and other creatures.
* [[Spinnerbait]] are pieces of wire bent at about a 60 degree angle with a hook on the lower end and a flashy spinner mechanism on the upper end.
* [[Swimbait]] is a minnow- like soft plastic bait that is reeled like a plug. Some of these have a swimming tail.
These fishing lures can be made of wood, plastic, rubber, metal, cork, and materials like feathers, animal hair, string, tinsel and others.  They can have many moving parts or no moving parts. They can be retrieved fast or slow.  Some of the lures can be used by alone, or with another lure.

One advantage of use of artificial lures is a reduction in use of bait. This contributes to resolving one of the marine environment's more pressing problems; the undermining of marine food webs by [[overharvesting]] "bait" species which tend to occur lower in the food chain.<ref>http://www.seafriends.org.nz/issues/fishing/pauly1.htm</ref>  Another advantage of lures is that their use promotes improved survival of fish during [[catch and release]] fishing.  This is because lures reduce the incidence of deep hooking which has been correlated to fish mortality in many studies.<ref>http://www.info-fish.net/releasefish/files/26/Hooking.pdf</ref> Mortality by swallowing hooks is mostly caused by the handling stress and damage resulting from removing the hook from the gut or throat. The best course of action when a fish is gut-hooked is to leave the hook and cut the line as soon as possible. Hooks will then be encapsulated or evacuated from the body. Use of non corroding steel is not recommended because a corroding hook will be easier to for the fish to expel.
(sumber : en.wikipedia.org)